Scalar without direction, Vector with direction as determined by change in free energy of the reaction.
DeltaG=DeltaH-T.DeltaS. A non spontaneous reaction has a positive delta G and negative deltaG for a spontaneous reaction . DeltaG =Gibbs free energy.
Greater degree of vectorization/directionality=Greater negative deltaG.
Greater degree of vectorization=Greater organized emergent Complexity.
When degree of vectorization reaches critical point, Markov blanket is created, next layer of emergence, develops.
Phase transition occurs when degree of vectorization falls below critical point markov blanket dissolves and continuity prevails over discrete. deltaG increases in this case.
E.g. in epithelial to mesenchymal phase transition in cancer, an intermediate stem-like state occurs where degree of vectorization falls below critical point, markov blanket between the epithelial layer of emergence and mesenchymal layer of emergence dissolves, an incease in scalarity occurs.
Pluripotent stem cell--->Scalarity is > Vectoral properties. As vectorial properties increase pluripotent stem cell differentiates.
Signaling networks can promote scalar properties-dedifferentiation, or vector properties where differentiation occurs .
Tumor suppressors tilt cellular homeostasis to vectorial nature while oncogenes tilts cellular homeostasis to scalar nature.
Homeostasis = Balance between scalar promoting signaling networks and vector promoting signaling networks where overall differentiated cellular state tilts towards vectorial properties.
Cancer comprises of de-differentiated cells where cellular homeostatic balance is lost and cellular states favour signaling networks whose outcome is scalar. Emergent vectorial complexity i.e. tissue organization is lost with gain in emergent scalar complexity.
