Coarse graining

During coarse graining, by decreasing scalar information, skewing inference towards vectorial information.

Disease in context of scalarity

Homeostatic State=Vectorial.
Diseased state= Scalar.

Emergent Complexity-Scalar versus Vector

Scalar without direction, Vector with direction as determined by change in free energy of the reaction.
DeltaG=DeltaH-T.DeltaS. A non spontaneous reaction has a positive delta G and negative deltaG for a spontaneous reaction . DeltaG =Gibbs free energy.
Greater degree of vectorization/directionality=Greater negative deltaG.
Greater degree of vectorization=Greater organized emergent Complexity.
When degree of vectorization reaches critical point, Markov blanket is created, next layer of emergence, develops.
Phase transition occurs when degree of vectorization falls below critical point  markov blanket dissolves and continuity prevails over discrete. deltaG increases in this case.
E.g. in epithelial  to mesenchymal phase transition in cancer, an intermediate stem-like state occurs where degree of vectorization falls below critical point, markov blanket between the epithelial layer of emergence and mesenchymal layer of emergence dissolves, an incease in scalarity occurs.
Pluripotent stem cell--->Scalarity is > Vectoral properties. As vectorial properties increase pluripotent stem cell differentiates.
Signaling networks can promote scalar properties-dedifferentiation, or vector properties where differentiation occurs .
Tumor suppressors tilt cellular homeostasis to vectorial  nature while oncogenes tilts cellular homeostasis to scalar nature.
Homeostasis = Balance between scalar promoting signaling networks and vector promoting signaling networks where overall differentiated cellular state tilts towards vectorial properties.
Cancer comprises of de-differentiated cells where cellular homeostatic balance is lost and cellular states favour signaling networks whose outcome is scalar. Emergent vectorial complexity i.e. tissue organization is lost with gain in emergent scalar complexity.

Dissolution of Markov Blankets

Can Markov Blankets be dissolved ? From the discrete to the continuous on a spectrum.
Can dissolution of Markov blankets cause disease by destroying distinct pathogen host boundaries?
Is the key to cellular homeostasis-maintaining a markov blanket between opposing signaling pathways ?
Is non duality a result of dissolved markov blankets ?
Is the experience of a discrete self  emergent from maintenance of markov blankets in continuous neuronal circuits ?

Markov Blankets-Existence

Do Markov blankets separate one layer of emergence from the next ?
Do Markov blankets separate the the worlds in the  everettian many worlds  approach to quantum mechanics ?
Do Markov blankets separate universes in a predicted multiverse ?
Do Markov blankets  separate the different dimensions predicted by the string theory ?

http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/15/138/20170792

Probability-System1/2

System 1: evolved for food/mates/survival etc-High probability of usage. Does not require much effort

System 2: evolved for rational thought etc-Low probability of usage-Asks questions like: What is reality ? Requires a lot of sustained effort.

Hypothesis/Question: Do education,intellectual exercises, meditation strengthen system 2.

Cognitive biases related to research

Cognitive biases I have commonly encountered in research: Related to hypothesis making/testing,data analyses and decisions for lab experiments

Availability heuristic-overestimate importance of available information
Recency-weigh recent information more heavily
Bandwagon effect-groupthink
Clustering illusion-see patterns in random events
Confirmation bias-confirmation of preconception
Zero risk bias-favoring certainty

For more comprehensive lists

http://mentalfloss.com/article/68705/20-cognitive-biases-affect-your-decisions

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_bias#List

Recommended reading: Thinking Fast and Slow-Daniel Kahneman